How to Write Picture Books

Picture books are more than words paired with illustrations—they’re a gateway into a child’s imagination. When you craft a picture book, you’re creating a reading experience that can spark curiosity, offer comfort, and become a cherished childhood memory. Many picture book writers dream of crafting a story that becomes a classic, the kind of book passed down from generation to generation. But what makes a children’s picture book stand the test of time?

This post will walk you through the essential elements of picture book writing so you can create a picture book that captivates both kids and adults.

What are picture books?

A picture book is a type of book that blends text and illustrations to tell a story, often intended for young readers in the 3–7 age range. These books use familiar themes, expressive art, and engaging language to entertain, educate, and inspire. Whether you plan to write or illustrate, every element, from character design to page turns, works together to shape the reading experience.

If you’re interested in writing for children, learning the picture book format and typical page count will help you shape your story and understand the kind of book publishers expect.

Understanding the picture book format

If you’re new to the process of writing children’s books, here are a few structural details to keep in mind:

• Know your book's age range to tailor vocabulary and themes
• Keep your manuscript word count under 1,000 unless your publisher advises otherwise
• Page turn moments are the picture book equivalent of scene or chapter breaks; they're a natural pause that you can use to create suspense, humor, and rhythm
• The standard number of pages is usually 32 due to printing costs (though it is possible to go above or below this number)
• Picture books are often designed to be read aloud, so many picture books use rhyme to tell the story

Tips for writing a timeless picture book for children

Focus on a timeless theme

One of the key elements of classic picture books is a timeless theme that resonates with readers of all ages. The themes that speak to us as children are often the same ones that resonate with us as adults—love, friendship, fear, loss, and adventure. When writing picture books, focus on themes that are universal and timeless. Make sure they’re relevant to young readers and explored in a unique, interesting way. Consider inspiration from your favorite childhood books. What was it about them that stuck with you most?

A good example of a picture book that focuses on a timeless theme is Hair Love by Matthew A. Cherry. The story explores the bonds of family, self-love, and identity. Another classic example is Where the Wild Things Are by Maurice Sendak. Despite being published over 50 years ago, this story about a young boy's wild adventure still captivates readers today.

Tell a simple story, with a powerful message

Picture books are typically short and sweet, so focus on a simple plot, relatable characters, and a powerful message. Transform complex ideas into simple language that younger readers can understand by keeping your sentences short, easy to follow, and ensuring your vocabulary is suitable for children aged 3-7. Create a story that evokes a special feeling, like love or friendship, and captures their vivid imagination. Most books for kids are written from a child's perspective, so remember the golden rule of "show, don't tell" to keep your readers engaged and invested in the story.

The Giving Tree by Shel Silverstein is a great example of a picture book with a strong message. Although the story is simple, it teaches children about love, sacrifice, and the importance of giving.

Create memorable characters

The characters in picture books are often what make them unforgettable, taking on a life of their own and becoming beloved by readers of all ages. When creating characters for your picture book, make them unique and relatable. Recall your childhood memories, draw from personal experiences, and explore common childhood dreams, desires, or fears. What adventures did you dream of as a child? What subjects piqued your curiosity and interests? Were you ever afraid of the dark or thought there were monsters under your bed? Keep in mind that your audience won't be able to understand overly complex or nuanced characters, so be sure to simplify your concepts while still maintaining well-rounded, fully developed characters.

Also, consider anthropomorphizing your characters. This is when you attribute human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities, such as objects, animals, or phenomena.

Corduroy by Don Freeman, which features a lovable teddy bear longing for a forever home, and The Day the Crayons Quit by Drew Daywalt, which brings the world of crayons to life, are two examples of stories with anthropomorphized characters. How the Grinch Stole Christmas by Dr. Seuss is a great example of simplifying a complex character to be a memorable one that kids can understand.

Collaborate with an illustrator

When creating picture books, the art is just as important as the text. Partnering with an illustrator who understands your vision can transform your manuscript into a fully realized world. Whether you want watercolor, bold cartoon styles, or whimsical line work, your collaboration will shape the reading experience.

To find a talented illustrator, explore options like the SCBWI (Society of Children’s Book Writers and Illustrators), local art colleges, and referrals from other authors or publishing professionals. Online marketplaces such as Reedsy and other online groups for illustrators and artists can also be great resources.

The collaboration between Bill Martin Jr. and illustrator Eric Carle resulted in one of the most beloved picture books for children: Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?

Include kids in the process

Young readers make excellent beta testers. Ask kids that you know to give feedback on your picture book manuscript by noting what excites them, confuses them, or makes them laugh. Their insights often reveal what adults overlook, and may help you make the story more inclusive and authentic.

After polishing your draft, consider sharing the manuscript with a book editor who specializes in writing children’s stories. Their expertise in the craft of writing for kids can help you refine pacing, character arcs, and page-turn moments before approaching a publisher or exploring traditional publishing or self-publishing.

Ready to write a picture book?

Whether you dream of creating children’s books, exploring writing and publishing, or becoming a children’s book author, you’re now equipped with a strong foundation. When you’re writing, focus on timeless themes, engaging characters, and a compelling visual narrative. Let the collaboration with your illustrator enhance your vision, and don’t forget to get feedback from the readers who matter most—kids.

With practice, creativity, and dedication to the writing craft, you can write a children’s picture book that delights, surprises, and stays with readers for years to come. So go ahead—write the story only you can tell, and begin your picture-book writing journey today.